This pilot study tested a prototype of the AI-enabled scaffolding system (AISS) that supports students to improve information literacy, argumentation skills, and writing skills. We conducted a mixed-methods analysis using 13 students' data gathered from a graduate-level online course. Results demonstrated the potential of AISS scaffolding that enables students to improve their arguments through iterative processes of comprehension, idea generation, organization, translation, refinement, and the construction of a deeper understanding of disciplinary knowledge.